Source: The Philadelphia InquirerAug.儲存倉 07--Young Americans, increasingly likely to reach adulthood without a <<>>'s license, cite costs, time constraints, and the ability to get along without a car as leading reasons, according to two new studies.Affluent, well-educated young people are more likely to have <<>>'s licenses, and young blacks and Hispanics are less likely than young whites to have licenses.The decline in the percentage of young adults who are licensed to <<>> has long been documented. In 2010, 69.5 percent of 19-year-olds had a <<>>'s license, down from 75.5 percent in 2008 and 87.3 percent in 1983, according to Federal Highway Administration data.Less has been known about why fewer young people are driving.In a study released Tuesday, researchers at the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute found the reasons cited most often by unlicensed 18- and 19-year-olds were: too busy or not enough time to get a license (57 percent), able to get transportation from others (40 percent), owning and maintaining a vehicle is too expensive (30 percent), prefer to bike or walk (24 percent), prefer to use public transportation (10 percent), able to communicate or conduct business online instead (6 percent).Similar findings emerged from a survey released last week by the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety.The auto club's survey found the top reasons cited by 18- to 20-year-olds were: did not have a car (44 percent), could get around without driving (39 percent), gas was too expensive (36 percent), driving was too expensive (36 percent), just didn't get around to it (35 percen迷你倉沙田), could do what I wanted to do without driving (32 percent), was nervous about driving (30 percent), and just not very interested in driving (29 percent).As states have shifted to "graduated <<>>'s licenses" (GDL) with restrictions on young drivers, the rate of fatal accidents among 16- and 17-year-olds has declined. The effects on older teens have been less marked.The new AAA study suggested that delays in licensing "could have implications for safety," since novice drivers over 18 often miss the opportunity to begin driving under GDL restrictions.Both studies noted socio-economic links to <<>>'s licensing.The Michigan study found that young adults without <<>>'s licenses, compared with the general population of the same age, tended to have less education and higher unemployment.The AAA study found that in households with incomes above $60,000, 72 percent of young adults were licensed before age 18. In contrast, only 25 percent were licensed by age 18 in households with incomes below $20,000 a year.Respondents who described themselves as black or Hispanic were significantly less likely than whites to have been licensed by any given age, regardless of income, according to the AAA study.Both studies were based on responses to online surveys. The AAA survey drew on 1,039 respondents who were 18 to 20. The Michigan survey was administered to 618 respondents who were 18 to 39 and unlicensed.Contact Paul Nussbaum at 215-854-4587 or pnussbaum@phillynews.com.Copyright: ___ (c)2013 The Philadelphia Inquirer Visit The Philadelphia Inquirer at .philly.com Distributed by MCT Information Services迷你倉價錢
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